Examining the role of structural and functional social network characteristics in the context of chronic pain: An ego-centered network design.

The well-being and functioning of individuals with chronic pain (CP) varies significantly. Social factors, such as social integration, may help explain this differential impact. Specifically, structural (network size, density) as well as functional (perceived social support, conflict) social network characteristics may play a role. However, it is not yet clear whether and how these variables are associated with each other. Objectives were to examine: (1) both social network characteristics in individuals with primary and secondary CP, (2) the association between structural network characteristics and mental distress, and functioning/participation in daily life, and (3) whether the network's functionality mediated the association between structural network characteristics, and mental distress respectively functioning/participation in daily life. Using an online ego-centered social network tool, cross-sectional data were collected from 303 individuals with CP (81.85% women). No significant differences between individuals with fibromyalgia versus secondary CP were found regarding network size and density. In contrast, ANCOVA models showed lower levels of perceived social support and higher levels of conflict in primary (vs. secondary) CP. Structural equation models showed that: (1) larger network size indirectly predicted lower mental distress via lower levels of conflict; (2) higher network density increased mental distress via the increase of conflict levels. Network size or density did not (in)directly predict functioning/participation in daily life. The findings highlight that the role of conflict, in addition to support, should not be underestimated as a mediator for mental well-being. Research on explanatory mechanisms for associations between the network's structure, functionality and well-being is warranted. PERSPECTIVE: This paper presents results on associations between structural (network size and density) and functional (social support and conflict) social network characteristics and well-being in the context of chronic pain by making use of an ego-centered network design. Results suggest an indirect association between structural social network characteristics and individuals with CP their mental well-being, but not with physical/social functioning.

Diversity, integration, and variability of intergenerational relationships in old age: New insights from personal network research.

Relationships between family members from different generations have long been described as a source of solidarity and support in aging populations and, more recently, as a potential risk factor for COVID-19 contagion. Personal or egocentric network research offers a powerful kit of conceptual and methodological tools to study these relationships, but this has not yet been employed to its full potential in the literature. We investigate the heterogeneity, social integration, and individual correlates of intergenerational relationships in old age analyzing highly granular data on the personal networks of 230 older adults (2747 social ties) from a local survey in one of the areas of the world at the forefront of global aging trends (northern Italy). Using information on different layers in broad egocentric networks and on the structure of connectivity among the social contacts of aging people, we propose multiple conceptualizations and measures of intergenerational connectedness. Results show that intergenerational relationships are strongly integrated, but also highly diverse and variable, in older adults' social networks. Different types of intergenerational ties exist in different network layers, with various relational roles, degrees of tie strength, and patterns of association with individual and tie characteristics. We discuss how new and existing personal network data can be leveraged to consider novel questions and hypotheses about intergenerational relationships in contemporary aging families.

Association Between Ego-Resilience and Social Isolation Among Urban Older People.

Social isolation among older adults affects their physical and mental health. Ego-resilience is associated with flexible adaptation to various environments and acceptable behaviors. However, its association with social isolation among older people is unclear. Therefore, a health survey was conducted with 510 adults aged 65 years or older to assess social isolation, its associated factors, and ego resilience. The results showed that the social isolation group had a lower median ego-resiliency scale score (42.0) compared to the non-social isolation group (38.0). The social isolation group were mostly males without spouses, took time to move, had more depressive moods, and poorer subjective health status. The non-social isolated group had faster maximum walking speed. Low ego-resilience was newly identified as a factor associated with social isolation among older people, as were being male, having no spouse, and depressive symptoms. Mediation analysis revealed that ego-resilience affected social isolation and was partially mediated by depressive symptoms.

Temporal Gestures in Different Temporal Perspectives.

Temporal perspectives allow us to place ourselves and temporal events on a timeline, making it easier to conceptualize time. This study investigates how we take different temporal perspectives in our temporal gestures. We asked participants (n = 36) to retell temporal scenarios written in the Moving-Ego, Moving-Time, and Time-Reference-Point perspectives in spontaneous and encouraged gesture conditions. Participants took temporal perspectives mostly in similar ways regardless of the gesture condition. Perspective comparisons showed that temporal gestures of our participants resonated better with the Ego- (i.e., Moving-Ego and Moving-Time) versus Time-Reference-Point distinction instead of the classical Moving-Ego versus Moving-Time contrast. Specifically, participants mostly produced more Moving-Ego and Time-Reference-Point gestures for the corresponding scenarios and speech; however, the Moving-Time perspective was not adopted more than the others in any condition. Similarly, the Moving-Time gestures did not favor an axis over the others, whereas Moving-Ego gestures were mostly sagittal and Time-Reference-Point gestures were mostly lateral. These findings suggest that we incorporate temporal perspectives into our temporal gestures to a considerable extent; however, the classical Moving-Ego and Moving-Time classification may not hold for temporal gestures.

The effects of online art therapy on ego functions, emotion regulation, and interpersonal relationship styles in neurotic personality organization.

Art therapy, as an effective therapeutic intervention, is used to improve positive self-image and self-awareness, promote insight, and enhance therapeutic communication. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of art psychotherapy on ego functions, emotion regulation, and interpersonal relationship styles of individuals with neurotic personality organization. Using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design, 60 participants were assigned to intervention and control groups, each further divided into three subgroups (n = 10 per subgroup). The intervention group engaged in online art therapy sessions twice weekly over nine weeks, while the control group received no intervention. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, paired samples t-tests, and independent t-tests. There was a significant decrease in the intervention group's judgmental subdimensions of the Ego Function Assessment Scale. A significant decrease was found in the intervention group in "awareness" (p < 0.01), "clarity" (p < 0.05), and "impulse" (p < 0.001) subdimensions and total scores of the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. There was no statistical difference between the intervention and control groups' mean pretests and posttests and comparing those groups with each other concerning IRSQ scores. The online group art therapy led to successful improvements in participants' ego functions and emotion regulations.

What Predicts Beneficial Outcomes in Psychedelic Use? A Quantitative Content Analysis of Psychedelic Health Outcomes.

Interest in psychedelics and their possible therapeutic potential has been growing. Metaphysical belief theory asserts that these benefits stem from the adoption of comforting supernatural beliefs following a mystical experience. By contrast, predictive self-binding theory suggests that the beneficial outcomes of psychedelics are primarily driven by psychological insights. The present study tests these competing models of psychedelic benefits. We conducted a quantitative content analysis on unsolicited self-reports of psychedelic users available on Erowid.org, to examine the potential relations between psychological insight, ego dissolution, therapeutic intent, altered metaphysical belief, and enduring health outcomes. We randomly selected, coded, and analyzed two hundred forty psychedelic experience reports from the website. Path analysis using structural equation modeling showed that psychological insight, not metaphysical beliefs, uniquely predicted beneficial outcomes. Moreover, beneficial outcomes' positive relation to ego dissolution and therapeutic intent was fully mediated by psychological insight. These findings support the predictive self-binding model over the metaphysical belief model.

The relationship between ostracism and negative risk-taking behavior: the role of ego depletion and physical exercise.

Background: As a major public health problem globally, negative risk-taking behavior of college students may be related to their ostracism experience, but the reason for this association is unclear. Based on the limited resource theory, combined with the integrative model of athletic performance, we tested a moderated mediation model in which ego depletion mediated the association between ostracism and risk-taking, and physical exercise moderated the mediation process to examine the mechanisms underlying the association between ostracism and negative risk-taking behavior. Methods: One thousand three hundred seven students (43% female) from four universities in China were recruited using cluster random sampling. The experience of being ostracized, ego depletion, physical exercise level, and negative risk-taking behavior were measured through an anonymous online questionnaire in "www.sojump.com." Results: After controlling for gender and grade in college, ostracism was positively related to negative risk-taking behavior; ego depletion mediated this relationship; and physical exercise level attenuated these direct and indirect relationships. Conclusion: The results highlight individual risk and protective factors associated with negative risk-taking behavior, and provide new perspectives on ways to prevent and reduce college students' negative risk-taking behavior.

Clarifying and measuring the characteristics of experiences that involve a loss of self or a dissolution of its boundaries.

Mystical experience, non-dual awareness, selflessness, self-transcendent experience, and ego-dissolution have become increasingly prominent constructs in meditation and psychedelic research. However, these constructs and their measures tend to be highly overlapping, imprecise, and poorly integrated with similar pathological experiences. The present study seeks to clarify the common factors involved in the characteristics of these experiences using precise distinctions across an array of experience contexts (including meditation, psychedelics, and psychopathology). Participants (N = 386) completed an online survey about an experience that involved either a dissolution of self-boundaries or a loss of selfhood. Confirmatory factor analyses resulted in 16 experience characteristics, including multiple types of changes in sense of self, co-occurring phenomenology, and cognitive and affective responses. Qualitative thematic analysis provided rich descriptions of experience characteristics. Taken together, results lead to a more specific measurement model and descriptive account of experiences involving a loss of self or self-boundary.

Mapping the pre-reflective experience of "self" to the brain - An ERP study.

The neural underpinnings of selfhood encompass pre-reflective and reflective self-experience. The former refers to a basic, immediate experience of being a self, while the latter involves cognition and introspection. Although neural correlates of reflective self-experience have been studied, the pre-reflective remains underinvestigated. This research aims to bridge this gap by comparatively investigating ERP correlates of reading first- vs. third-person pronouns - approximating pre-reflective self-experience - and self- vs. other-related adjectives - approximating reflective self-experience - in 30 healthy participants. We found differential neural engagement between pre-reflective and reflective self-experience at 254-310 ms post-stimulus onset. Source estimation suggested that our sensor-level results could be plausibly explained by the involvement of cortical midline structures and default mode network in the general sense of self but selective recruitment of anterior cingulate and top-down dorsal attention network in the pre-reflective self. These findings offer a deeper understanding of the experiential self, especially pre-reflective, providing a foundation for investigating self-disorders.

Development of the Japanese version of the Ego-Dissolution Inventory (EDI).

AIM: Psychedelics have recently gained attention as potential therapeutic agents for various psychiatric disorders. Previous research has highlighted that a diminished sense of self, commonly termed "ego-dissolution" is a pivotal feature of the psychedelic-induced state. While the Ego-Dissolution Inventory (EDI) is a widely acknowledged instrument for measuring this phenomenon, no Japanese version has been available. This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the EDI. METHODS: We adhered to the "Guidelines for Best Practices in the Translation and Cultural Modification Process for Patient-Reported Outcomes Instruments: Document from the ISPOR Committee on Translation and Cultural Modification" during our translation approach. Two Japanese psychiatrists independently conducted initial translations, and a consolidated version was achieved via mutual agreement. This version was then back-translated to English and assessed by the original authors for consistency. The repetitive modification process was conducted in continuous dialogues with the original authors until they accepted the concluding back-translated version. RESULTS: The finalized, approved back-translated version of the EDI is presented in the accompanying figure. In addition, the authorized Japanese version of the EDI is included in the Appendix. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we successfully developed the Japanese version of the EDI. This instrument will assist in assessing ego-dissolution experiences associated with psychedelic-assisted therapy among Japanese speakers. Additional studies are necessary to evaluate the reliability and validity of this newly translated instrument.

Changes in pupil size track self-control failure.

People are more likely to perform poorly on a self-control task following a previous task requiring self-control (ego-depletion), but the mechanism for this effect remains unclear. We used pupillometry to test the role of attentional effort in ego-depletion. We hypothesized that an elevated pupil diameter (PD)-a common physiological measure of effort-during an initial task requiring self-control should be negatively associated with performance on a subsequent control task. To test this hypothesis, participants were first assigned to either a high- or low-demand attention task (manipulation; a standard ego-depletion paradigm), after which all participants completed the same Stroop task. We then separately extracted both sustained (low-frequency) and phasic (high-frequency) changes in PD from both tasks to evaluate possible associations with lapses of cognitive control on the Stroop task. We first show that in the initial task, sustained PD was larger among participants who were assigned to the demanding attention condition. Furthermore, ego-depletion effects were serially mediated by PD: an elevated PD response emerged rapidly among the experimental group during the manipulation, persisted as an elevated baseline response during the Stroop task, and predicted worse accuracy on incongruent trials, revealing a potential indirect pathway to ego-depletion via sustained attention. Secondary analyses revealed another, independent and direct pathway via high levels of transient attentional control: participants who exhibited large phasic responses during the manipulation tended to perform worse on the subsequent Stroop task. We conclude by exploring the neuroscientific implications of these results within the context of current theories of self-control.

Exploring the connection between ego-resiliency and health behaviors: a cross-sectional study of Polish health sciences students.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between ego-resiliency and the intensity of health behaviors among Polish health sciences students. METHODS: The study involved 483 students from health-related faculties in southern Poland, consisting of 314 women (63.7%) and 179 men (36.3%). The average age of the participants was 21.7 ± 2.5 years. To assess resiliency (ER), the Ego-Resiliency Scale (ER89-R12) by Block and Kremen was used in its Polish adaptation. The intensity of health behaviors was examined using the Health Behavior Inventory (HBI) developed by Z. Juczynski. RESULTS: The results revealed a positive correlation between the intensity of health behaviors and ER (r = 0.43, p < 0.001), both for the general factor and its categories (positive mental attitude, proper eating habits, preventive actions, and prohealth activities). Students with a high level of health behaviors exhibited significantly higher ER (M = 38.95, SD = 5.15) compared to those with average (M = 35.93, SD = 5.03) and low (M = 32.97, SD = 5.12) HBI levels. Among the HBI categories, Positive Mental Attitude showed the strongest correlation with both general ER and its factors: optimal regulation (OR) and openness to life experiences (OL). Furthermore, the correlation was found to be stronger with the OR and weaker with OL. CONCLUSION: Higher ER in students is correlated with a greater frequency of health behaviors. Nurturing the development of ER may contribute to the maintenance of prohealth practices despite life difficulties and temporary loss of motivation. This, in turn, promotes the regularity of health behaviors, which is crucial for their positive impact on overall health.

A previously undescribed scene-selective site is the key to encoding ego-motion in naturalistic environments.

Current models of scene processing in the human brain include three scene-selective areas: the Parahippocampal Place Area (or the temporal place areas; PPA/TPA), the restrosplenial cortex (or the medial place area; RSC/MPA) and the transverse occipital sulcus (or the occipital place area; TOS/OPA). Here, we challenged this model by showing that at least one other scene-selective site can also be detected within the human posterior intraparietal gyrus. Despite the smaller size of this site compared to the other scene-selective areas, the posterior intraparietal gyrus scene-selective (PIGS) site was detected consistently in a large pool of subjects (n=59; 33 females). The reproducibility of this finding was tested based on multiple criteria, including comparing the results across sessions, utilizing different scanners (3T and 7T) and stimulus sets. Furthermore, we found that this site (but not the other three scene-selective areas) is significantly sensitive to ego-motion in scenes, thus distinguishing the role of PIGS in scene perception relative to other scene-selective areas. These results highlight the importance of including finer scale scene-selective sites in models of scene processing - a crucial step toward a more comprehensive understanding of how scenes are encoded under dynamic conditions.

Ego- and Geo-Centered References: A Functional Neuroimagery Study.

INTRODUCTION: The integration of vestibular, visual, and somatosensory cues allows the perception of space through the orientation of our body and surrounding objects with respect to gravity. The main goal of this study was to identify the cortical networks recruited during the representation of body midline and the representation of verticality. METHODS: Thirty right-handed healthy participants were evaluated using fMRI. Brain networks activated during a subjective straight-ahead (SSA) task were compared to those recruited during a subjective vertical (SV) task. RESULTS: Different patterns of cortical activation were observed, with differential increases in the angular gyrus and left cerebellum posterior lobe during the SSA task, in right rolandic operculum and cerebellum anterior lobe during the SV task. DISCUSSION: The activation of these areas involved in visuo-spatial functions suggests that bodily processes of great complexity are engaged in body representation and vertical perception. Interestingly, the common brain networks involved in SSA and SV tasks were comprised of areas of vestibular projection that receive multisensory information (parieto-occipital areas) and the cerebellum, and reveal a predominance of the right cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres. The outcomes of this first fMRI study designed to unmask common and specific neural mechanisms at work in gravity- or body-referenced tasks pave a new way for the exploration of spatial cognitive impairment in patients with vestibular or cortical disorders.

Influence of perceived parental child-rearing attitudes and ego identity on college adjustment among Korean nursing students.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to examine the relationship between nursing students' perceived parental child-rearing attitude, ego identity, and college adjustment in Korea and explore factors that influence college adjustment. METHODS: This study surveyed 224 nursing students enrolled in universities located in two regions within South Korea. Data were collected from October 14 to November 31, 2019. Perceived parental child-rearing attitude (paternal emotional warmth, paternal rejection, paternal overprotection, maternal emotional warmth, maternal rejection, and maternal overprotection) and ego identity of nursing students were used as independent variables on college adjustment. Collected data were subjected to correlation analysis using SPSS version 26.0 for Windows. Further, regression analysis was performed on the influence of parental child-rearing attitude and ego identity on college adjustment. RESULTS: Among the parental child-rearing attitudes, paternal emotional warmth (r = .30, p < .001), maternal emotional warmth (r = .38, p < .001), and ego identity (r = .71, p < .001) were positively correlated with nursing students' college adjustment, whereas maternal rejection was negatively correlated with ego identity (r = - .28, p < .001) and college adjustment (r = - .15, p = .025). Regression analysis of the effects of nursing students' perceived parental child-rearing attitude and ego identity on college adjustment, with grade as a control variable, revealed that ego identity (p < .001) had a significant effect on college adjustment, and the higher the ego identity (ß = 0.712), the higher the college adjustment. Further, the explanatory power of explaining college adjustment was high at 49.9%. CONCLUSIONS: The nursing students' perceived paternal emotional warmth, maternal emotional warmth, and ego identity were positively correlated with college adjustment. Additionally, ego identity was found as the influencing factor in Korean nursing students' college adjustment. Therefore, programs to strengthen ego identity should be developed and implemented for college adjustment among nursing students.

Does Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Ambivalence Influence Employees' Constructive Deviance?

The ambivalent experience of superior-subordinate relationships is widespread in organisations and has gradually become an important factor influencing employees to actively engage in extra-role behaviours. However, employees' constructive deviance is extremely important for organisational development as they are important extra-role behaviours for organisational innovation and change. Owing that academic research on the antecedents of employees' constructive extra-role behaviours has lacked attention to individual emotional variables such as the leader-member exchange ambivalence, by drawing on self-control resource theory and social cognitive theory, this study examined the effects of leader-member exchange ambivalence on employees' constructive deviance, as well as the role of ego depletion and role-breadth self-efficacy. Based on a two-point questionnaire survey of 332 employees from different industries in China, the study tested hypotheses with SPSS 27 and AMOS 27 and found that the more leader-member exchange ambivalence, the less likely they were to engage in employees' constructive deviance, leader-member exchange ambivalence affected employees' constructive deviance through ego depletion, and when role-breadth self-efficacy is high, the lower the ego depletion of employees with leader-member exchange ambivalence, the more likely they are to engage in employees' constructive deviance. This study is intended to guide organisations to pay attention to the problem of individual internal conflict arising from superior-subordinate relationships, to remove the barriers to constructive transgression by individuals, and to truly exploit the innovative capacity of individual organisations. The study suggests that managers should pay attention to the negative effects of employees' perceived ambivalent experiences of supervisor-subordinate relationships, maintain consistency, and build positive social exchange relationships with their employees. Organisations should strengthen the training of leaders and employees to eliminate the serious internal attrition that organisations face from social network relationships. And employees should face the limitations of resources and reduce dependence on the leader-member exchange relationship as the dependence for their work attitudes and behaviours.

How does emotional abuse affect adolescents' non-suicidal self-injury urges? A moderated chain mediation model.

BACKGROUND: Studying non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents has high clinical significance. Its urges have been identified as a potential predictor of NSSI behavior and may serve as a crucial intervention target. OBJECTIVE: This study uses a moderated chain mediation model to explore the relationship between emotional abuse and adolescent NSSI urges. Additionally, we examine the mediating roles of ego depletion and self-esteem and the moderating effect of resilience. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: We recruited 1129 Chinese adolescents (age M = 16.68; SD = 0.78; 49.4 % men) from secondary vocational schools in China. METHODS: We assessed emotional abuse, ego depletion, self-esteem, and NSSI urges in a longitudinal investigation across two time points (T1: March 2023, T2: June 2023). RESULTS: After controlling for age, sex, NSSI urges and self-esteem at T1, our study validates a moderated chain mediation model and finds that the mediating effect via self-esteem is 0.026 (95%CI = [0.011,0.046]), and the chain mediating effect via ego depletion and self-esteem is 0.031 (95%CI = [0.022,0.045]), whereas the direct effect of emotional abuse T1 on NSSI urges T2 is not significant (DE = 0.082, 95%CI = [-0.002, 0.167]) and the mediating effect via ego depletion is also not significant (IE = -0.003, 95%CI = [-0.022, 0.015]). Resilience moderates the impact of emotional abuse on ego depletion (ß = 0.09, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that ego depletion and self-esteem are potential mechanisms related to emotional abuse and adolescents' NSSI urges, whereas resilience can play a moderating role in reducing ego depletion.

What Kurt Schneider Really Said and What the DSM Has Made of it in Its Different Editions: A Plea to Redefine Hallucinations in Schizophrenia.

Kurt Schneider has played a leading role in shaping our current view of schizophrenia, placing certain manifestations of delusions and hallucinations at the center of the disorder, especially ideas of persecution and voice-hearing. The first part of this review summarizes Schneider's original ideas and then traces how the different editions of the DSM merged aspects of Kraepelin's, Bleuler's, and Schneider's historical concepts. Special attention is given to the transition from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5, which eliminated much of Schneider's original concept. In the second part of the article, we contrast the current definition of hallucination in the DSM-5 with that of Schneider. We present empirically derived arguments that favor a redefinition of hallucinations, much in accordance with Schneider's original ideas. We plea for a two-dimensional model of hallucinations that represents the degree of insight and perceptuality, ranging from thoughts with full "mineness" via perception-laden thoughts and intrusions (including "as if" experiences") to hallucinations. While we concur with the DSM-5 that cognitions that are indistinguishable from perceptions should be labeled as hallucinations, we suggest expanding the definition to internally generated sensory phenomena, including those with only partial resemblance to external perceptions, that the individual considers real and that may lie at the heart of a subsequent delusional superstructure.

Self-supervised neural network-based endoscopic monocular 3D reconstruction method.

Based on deep learning, monocular visual 3D reconstruction methods have been applied in various conventional fields. In the aspect of medical endoscopic imaging, due to the difficulty in obtaining real information, self-supervised deep learning has always been a focus of research. However, current research on endoscopic 3D reconstruction is mainly conducted in laboratory environments, lacking experience in dealing with complex clinical surgical environments. In this work, we use an optical flow-based neural network to address the problem of inconsistent brightness between frames. Additionally, attention modules and inter-layer losses are introduced to tackle the complexity of endoscopic scenes in clinical surgeries. The attention mechanism allows the network to better focus on pixel texture details and depth differences, while the inter-layer losses supervise the network at different scales. We have established a complete monocular endoscopic 3D reconstruction framework and conducted quantitative experiments on a clinical dataset using the cross-correlation coefficient as a metric. Compared with other self-supervised methods, our framework can better simulate the mapping relationship between adjacent frames during endoscope motion. To validate the generalization performance of our framework, we tested the model trained on the clinical dataset on the SCARED dataset and achieved equally excellent results.

Relationships among self-esteem, ego-resilience, and caregiver burden among families of children with hematologic and oncologic disease: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Pediatric hematology and oncology disease is a physically and emotionally demanding health condition for families. High self-esteem and ego-resilience among caregivers, which have recently gained increased recognition, might help ease caregiver burdens. Few studies, however, have simultaneously investigated the relationships between self-esteem, ego-resilience, and caregiver burden among caregivers of children with hematologic and oncologic disease. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between caregiver burden, self-esteem, and ego-resilience and examine whether ego-resilience plays a role in mediating the relationship between self-esteem and caregiver burden among family caregivers of children with hematologic and oncologic disease. Design: Descriptive correlational study. Setting: The outpatient clinic of the department of pediatric hematology and oncology at a flagship university hospital in a metropolitan city in South Korea. Participants: The sample comprised 109 primary family caregivers of children with hematologic and oncologic disease. Convenience sampling method was used. Methods: The participants completed the Ego-Resiliency Scale, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and Family Burden Questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance, independent t-tests, and correlation analyses were conducted using IBM SPSS 25.0. The mediating effect of ego-resilience was estimated using the PROCESS macro and bootstrap method in SPSS. Results: Caregiver burden showed significant negative associations with self-esteem and ego-resilience, with moderate effect sizes (r = -.391 and -0.361, respectively, p = .001). Ego-resilience mediated the relationship between self-esteem and caregiver burden (b = -0.019; 95 % bias-corrected bootstrap confidence interval -0.035 and -0.001). Conclusions: Self-esteem and ego-resilience may lessen caregiver burden among families of children with hematologic and oncologic disease, and self-esteem of caregivers tends to promote their ego-resilience. Therefore, self-esteem and ego-resilience should be improved among family caregivers to reduce their caregiver burden.